The retinas of APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice also contain amyloid deposits, which are primarily associated with the vasculature. In the latter study, plaque burden plateaued by 9 months in males, but not until about 12 months in females. The number of Thioflavin S-positive cortical plaques was found to be greater in 8-month females than males ( Onos et al., 2019), while the percent area occupied by 6E10-immunoreactive plaques was greater in males than females, when a region containing hippocampus and overlying cortex was examined at 9 months ( Ordóñez-Gutiérrez et al., 2015).
Sex differences in amyloid deposition have been reported, although differences in methods make it difficult to integrate the information from different laboratories. Plaque-associated astrogliosis ( Malm et al., 2007 Minkeviciene et al., 2008 Jackson et al., 2013), microgliosis ( Malm et al., 2007 Jackson et al., 2013), and dystrophic neurites ( Malm et al., 2007 Jackson et al., 2013) are seen in APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice. There are regional differences in plaque burden, with plaque density in the cortex greater than those in the hippocampus and amygdala occasional plaques have also been observed in the thalami of some mice ( Minkeviciene et al., 2009). NeuropathologyĪmyloid plaques begin to emerge in the cortex at about 4 months of age and in the hippocampus at about 6 months, and increase in size and number with age ( Minkeviciene et al., 2008 Jackson et al., 2013). APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice on a C57BL/6J background are commercially available through Jackson Labs. However, some investigators preferred to use mice on a C57BL/6J background, and have since generated their own congenic lines through backcrossing. This popular model was originally created on a hybrid C57BL/6 x C3H background (mice on this background are described elsewhere). Species: Mouse Genes: APP, PSEN1 Mutations: APP KM670/671NL (Swedish), PSEN1: deltaE9 Modification: APP: Transgenic PSEN1: Transgenic Disease Relevance: Alzheimer's Disease Strain Name: B6.Cg-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax Genetic Background: C57BL/6J Availability: Available from the Jackson Laboratory, JAX MMRRC Stock# 034832 (formerly Jackson Lab Stock #005864) SummaryĪPPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice carry two transgenes with AD-linked mutations: a chimeric mouse/human APP with the Swedish mutation and human PSEN1 lacking exon 9 (dE9), both under the control of the mouse prion protein promoter.
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